NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder (NetCDF-Java All API v5.7.0)

java.lang.Object
- com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite.Builder
- - com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessage.Builder<BuilderT>
  - - com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
    - - ucar.nc2.stream.NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder

All Implemented Interfaces:

com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder, com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder, com.google.protobuf.MessageLiteOrBuilder, com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder, java.lang.Cloneable, NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder

Enclosing class:

NcStreamProto.Attribute
```
public static final class NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder
extends com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
implements NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
```
Protobuf type Attribute

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`addAllSdata(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> values)` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`addRepeatedField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field, java.lang.Object value)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`addSdata(java.lang.String value)` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`addSdataBytes(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute`	`build()`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute`	`buildPartial()`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clear()`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearData()` not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearDataType()` 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearLen()` `uint32 len = 3;`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearName()` `string name = 1;`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearOneof(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.OneofDescriptor oneof)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearSdata()` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearType()` < 5.0
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clearUnsigned()` not used
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`clone()`
`com.google.protobuf.ByteString`	`getData()` not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
`NcStreamProto.DataType`	`getDataType()` 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
`int`	`getDataTypeValue()` 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
`NcStreamProto.Attribute`	`getDefaultInstanceForType()`
`static com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.Descriptor`	`getDescriptor()`
`com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.Descriptor`	`getDescriptorForType()`
`int`	`getLen()` `uint32 len = 3;`
`java.lang.String`	`getName()` `string name = 1;`
`com.google.protobuf.ByteString`	`getNameBytes()` `string name = 1;`
`java.lang.String`	`getSdata(int index)` used for string data
`com.google.protobuf.ByteString`	`getSdataBytes(int index)` used for string data
`int`	`getSdataCount()` used for string data
`com.google.protobuf.ProtocolStringList`	`getSdataList()` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Type`	`getType()` < 5.0
`int`	`getTypeValue()` < 5.0
`boolean`	`getUnsigned()` not used
`protected com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.FieldAccessorTable`	`internalGetFieldAccessorTable()`
`boolean`	`isInitialized()`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`mergeFrom(com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream input, com.google.protobuf.ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`mergeFrom(com.google.protobuf.Message other)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`mergeFrom(NcStreamProto.Attribute other)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`mergeUnknownFields(com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSet unknownFields)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setData(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)` not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setDataType(NcStreamProto.DataType value)` 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setDataTypeValue(int value)` 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field, java.lang.Object value)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setLen(int value)` `uint32 len = 3;`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setName(java.lang.String value)` `string name = 1;`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setNameBytes(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)` `string name = 1;`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setRepeatedField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field, int index, java.lang.Object value)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setSdata(int index, java.lang.String value)` used for string data
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setType(NcStreamProto.Attribute.Type value)` < 5.0
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setTypeValue(int value)` < 5.0
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setUnknownFields(com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSet unknownFields)`
`NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder`	`setUnsigned(boolean value)` not used

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder
getAllFields, getField, getFieldBuilder, getOneofFieldDescriptor, getParentForChildren, getRepeatedField, getRepeatedFieldBuilder, getRepeatedFieldCount, getUnknownFields, getUnknownFieldSetBuilder, hasField, hasOneof, internalGetMapField, internalGetMapFieldReflection, internalGetMutableMapField, internalGetMutableMapFieldReflection, isClean, markClean, mergeUnknownLengthDelimitedField, mergeUnknownVarintField, newBuilderForField, onBuilt, onChanged, parseUnknownField, setUnknownFieldSetBuilder, setUnknownFieldsProto3

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessage.Builder
findInitializationErrors, getInitializationErrorString, internalMergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, mergeFrom, newUninitializedMessageException, toString

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite.Builder
addAll, addAll, mergeDelimitedFrom, mergeDelimitedFrom, newUninitializedMessageException

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
findInitializationErrors, getAllFields, getField, getInitializationErrorString, getOneofFieldDescriptor, getRepeatedField, getRepeatedFieldCount, getUnknownFields, hasField, hasOneof

Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
mergeDelimitedFrom, mergeDelimitedFrom

- Method Detail
  - getDescriptor
```
public static final com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.Descriptor getDescriptor()
```
  - internalGetFieldAccessorTable
```
protected com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.FieldAccessorTable internalGetFieldAccessorTable()
```
    Specified by:
    
    internalGetFieldAccessorTable in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - clear
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clear()
```
    Specified by:
    
    clear in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    clear in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    clear in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - getDescriptorForType
```
public com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.Descriptor getDescriptorForType()
```
    Specified by:
    
    getDescriptorForType in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    getDescriptorForType in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDescriptorForType in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - getDefaultInstanceForType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute getDefaultInstanceForType()
```
    Specified by:
    
    getDefaultInstanceForType in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLiteOrBuilder
    
    Specified by:
    
    getDefaultInstanceForType in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
  - build
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute build()
```
    Specified by:
    
    build in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    build in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder
  - buildPartial
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute buildPartial()
```
    Specified by:
    
    buildPartial in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    buildPartial in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder
  - clone
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clone()
```
    Specified by:
    
    clone in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    clone in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    clone in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - setField
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field,
                                                java.lang.Object value)
```
    Specified by:
    
    setField in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    setField in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - clearField
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field)
```
    Specified by:
    
    clearField in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    clearField in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - clearOneof
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearOneof(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.OneofDescriptor oneof)
```
    Specified by:
    
    clearOneof in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    clearOneof in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - setRepeatedField
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setRepeatedField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field,
                                                        int index,
                                                        java.lang.Object value)
```
    Specified by:
    
    setRepeatedField in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    setRepeatedField in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - addRepeatedField
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder addRepeatedField(com.google.protobuf.Descriptors.FieldDescriptor field,
                                                        java.lang.Object value)
```
    Specified by:
    
    addRepeatedField in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    addRepeatedField in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - mergeFrom
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder mergeFrom(com.google.protobuf.Message other)
```
    Specified by:
    
    mergeFrom in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    mergeFrom in class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessage.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - mergeFrom
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder mergeFrom(NcStreamProto.Attribute other)
```
  - isInitialized
```
public final boolean isInitialized()
```
    Specified by:
    
    isInitialized in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLiteOrBuilder
    
    Overrides:
    
    isInitialized in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - mergeFrom
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder mergeFrom(com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream input,
                                                 com.google.protobuf.ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)
                                          throws java.io.IOException
```
    Specified by:
    
    mergeFrom in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Specified by:
    
    mergeFrom in interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLite.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    mergeFrom in class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessage.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - getName
```
public java.lang.String getName()
```
    string name = 1;
    
    Specified by:
    
    getName in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The name.
  - getNameBytes
```
public com.google.protobuf.ByteString getNameBytes()
```
    string name = 1;
    
    Specified by:
    
    getNameBytes in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The bytes for name.
  - setName
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setName(java.lang.String value)
```
    string name = 1;
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - The name to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearName
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearName()
```
    string name = 1;
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - setNameBytes
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setNameBytes(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)
```
    string name = 1;
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - The bytes for name to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getTypeValue
```
public int getTypeValue()
```
```
 < 5.0
 
```
    .Attribute.Type type = 2;
    Specified by:
    
    getTypeValue in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The enum numeric value on the wire for type.
  - setTypeValue
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setTypeValue(int value)
```
```
 < 5.0
 
```
    .Attribute.Type type = 2;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The enum numeric value on the wire for type to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Type getType()
```
```
 < 5.0
 
```
    .Attribute.Type type = 2;
    Specified by:
    
    getType in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The type.
  - setType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setType(NcStreamProto.Attribute.Type value)
```
```
 < 5.0
 
```
    .Attribute.Type type = 2;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The type to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearType()
```
```
 < 5.0
 
```
    .Attribute.Type type = 2;
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getLen
```
public int getLen()
```
    uint32 len = 3;
    
    Specified by:
    
    getLen in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The len.
  - setLen
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setLen(int value)
```
    uint32 len = 3;
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - The len to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearLen
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearLen()
```
    uint32 len = 3;
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getData
```
public com.google.protobuf.ByteString getData()
```
```
 not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
 
```
    bytes data = 4;
    Specified by:
    
    getData in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The data.
  - setData
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setData(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)
```
```
 not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
 
```
    bytes data = 4;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The data to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearData
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearData()
```
```
 not needed if len == 0, Attribute with name but no value
 
```
    bytes data = 4;
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getSdataList
```
public com.google.protobuf.ProtocolStringList getSdataList()
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Specified by:
    
    getSdataList in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    A list containing the sdata.
  - getSdataCount
```
public int getSdataCount()
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Specified by:
    
    getSdataCount in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The count of sdata.
  - getSdata
```
public java.lang.String getSdata(int index)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Specified by:
    
    getSdata in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Parameters:
    
    index - The index of the element to return.
    
    Returns:
    
    The sdata at the given index.
  - getSdataBytes
```
public com.google.protobuf.ByteString getSdataBytes(int index)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Specified by:
    
    getSdataBytes in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Parameters:
    
    index - The index of the value to return.
    
    Returns:
    
    The bytes of the sdata at the given index.
  - setSdata
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setSdata(int index,
                                                java.lang.String value)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Parameters:
    
    index - The index to set the value at.
    
    value - The sdata to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - addSdata
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder addSdata(java.lang.String value)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The sdata to add.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - addAllSdata
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder addAllSdata(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> values)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Parameters:
    
    values - The sdata to add.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearSdata
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearSdata()
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - addSdataBytes
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder addSdataBytes(com.google.protobuf.ByteString value)
```
```
 used for string data
 
```
    repeated string sdata = 5;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The bytes of the sdata to add.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getUnsigned
```
public boolean getUnsigned()
```
```
 not used
 
```
    bool unsigned = 6;
    Specified by:
    
    getUnsigned in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The unsigned.
  - setUnsigned
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setUnsigned(boolean value)
```
```
 not used
 
```
    bool unsigned = 6;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The unsigned to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearUnsigned
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearUnsigned()
```
```
 not used
 
```
    bool unsigned = 6;
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getDataTypeValue
```
public int getDataTypeValue()
```
```
 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
 
```
    .DataType dataType = 7;
    Specified by:
    
    getDataTypeValue in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The enum numeric value on the wire for dataType.
  - setDataTypeValue
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setDataTypeValue(int value)
```
```
 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
 
```
    .DataType dataType = 7;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The enum numeric value on the wire for dataType to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - getDataType
```
public NcStreamProto.DataType getDataType()
```
```
 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
 
```
    .DataType dataType = 7;
    Specified by:
    
    getDataType in interface NcStreamProto.AttributeOrBuilder
    
    Returns:
    
    The dataType.
  - setDataType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setDataType(NcStreamProto.DataType value)
```
```
 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
 
```
    .DataType dataType = 7;
    Parameters:
    
    value - The dataType to set.
    
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - clearDataType
```
public NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder clearDataType()
```
```
 5.0: cant use STRUCTURE or SEQUENCE or OPAQUE or ENUM; CHAR deprecated, use STRING
 
```
    .DataType dataType = 7;
    Returns:
    
    This builder for chaining.
  - setUnknownFields
```
public final NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder setUnknownFields(com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSet unknownFields)
```
    Specified by:
    
    setUnknownFields in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    setUnknownFields in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>
  - mergeUnknownFields
```
public final NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder mergeUnknownFields(com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSet unknownFields)
```
    Specified by:
    
    mergeUnknownFields in interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder
    
    Overrides:
    
    mergeUnknownFields in class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder<NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder>

Class NcStreamProto.Attribute.Builder

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.Builder

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessage.Builder

Methods inherited from class com.google.protobuf.AbstractMessageLite.Builder

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder

Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.Message.Builder

Method Detail

getDescriptor

internalGetFieldAccessorTable

clear

getDescriptorForType

getDefaultInstanceForType

build

buildPartial

clone

setField

clearField

clearOneof

setRepeatedField

addRepeatedField

mergeFrom

mergeFrom

isInitialized

mergeFrom

getName

getNameBytes

setName

clearName

setNameBytes

getTypeValue

setTypeValue

getType

setType

clearType

getLen

setLen

clearLen

getData

setData

clearData

getSdataList

getSdataCount

getSdata

getSdataBytes

setSdata

addSdata

addAllSdata

clearSdata

addSdataBytes

getUnsigned

setUnsigned

clearUnsigned

getDataTypeValue

setDataTypeValue

getDataType

setDataType

clearDataType

setUnknownFields

mergeUnknownFields